CORONAVIRUS

SMALL INFORMATION ABOUT CORONAVIRUS.
 

Corona is a virus that automatically creates from China. Coronavirus is one of the numbers of viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. Coronavirus is a dangerous virus that falls in air.  The people who suffer from diseases like cold fever, this is the main point for coronavirus to infect that person. Suppose in a family two persons suffering from cold fever and one person suffering from coronavirus. The two persons who suffering from cold fever and the other person who suffering from coronavirus  keep distance between each other. Otherwise, coronavirus affects or infects the other two persons who suffering from cold fever. China isn't a big country but China is a well-developed and smart country. So China tries to make antidote and vaccine for coronavirus & many countries support him ( So work hard and view results).

Discovery

 Coronaviruses were discovered in the 1960s.^[7] The earliest ones discovered were infectious bronchitis virus in chickens and two viruses from the nasal cavities of human patients with the common cold that were subsequently named human coronavirus 229E and human coronavirus OC43.^[8] Other members of this family have since been identified, including SARS-CoV in 2003, HCoV NL63 in 2004, HKU1 in 2005, MERS-CoV in 2012, and SARS-CoV-2 (formerly known as 2019-nCoV) in 2019; most of these have been involved in serious respiratory tract infections.

Diseases caused



Coronaviruses primarily infect the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tract of mammals and birds. They also cause a range of diseases in farm animals and domesticated pets, some of which can be serious and are a threat to the farming industry. In chickens, the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a coronavirus, targets not only the respiratory tract but also the urogenital tract. The virus can spread to different organs throughout the chicken.^[59] Economically significant coronaviruses of farm animals include porcine coronavirus (transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus, TGE) and bovine coronavirus, which both result in diarrhea in young animals. Feline coronavirus: two forms, feline enteric coronavirus is a pathogen of minor clinical significance, but spontaneous mutation of this virus can result in feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), a disease associated with high mortality. Similarly, there are two types of coronavirus that infect ferrets: ferret enteric coronavirus causes a gastrointestinal syndrome known as epizootic catarrhal enteritis (ECE), and a more lethal systemic version of the virus (like FIP in cats) known as ferret systemic coronavirus (FSC).^[60] There are two types of canine coronavirus (CCoV), one that causes mild gastrointestinal disease and one that has been found to cause respiratory disease. Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) is a coronavirus that causes an epidemic murine illness with high mortality, especially among colonies of laboratory mice.^[61] Sialodacryoadenitis virus (SDAV) is highly infectious coronavirus of laboratory rats, which can be transmitted between individuals by direct contact and indirectly by aerosol. Acute infections have high morbidity and tropism for the salivary, lachrymal and harderian glands.^[62]

A HKU2-related bat coronavirus called swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) causes diarrhea in pigs.^[63]

Prior to the discovery of SARS-CoV, MHV had been the best-studied coronavirus both in vivo and in vitro as well as at the molecular level. Some strains of MHV cause a progressive demyelinating encephalitis in mice which has been used as a murine model for multiple sclerosis. Significant research efforts have been focused on elucidating the viral pathogenesis of these animal coronaviruses, especially by virologists interested in veterinary and zoonotic diseases.^[64]

In domestic animals
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Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes avian infectious bronchitis.

Porcine coronavirus (transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus of pigs, TGEV).^[65][66]

Bovine coronavirus (BCV), responsible for severe profuse enteritis in of young calves.

Feline coronavirus (FCoV) causes mild enteritis in cats as well as severe Feline infectious peritonitis (other variants of the same virus).

the two types of canine coronavirus (CCoV) (one causing enteritis, the other found in respiratory diseases).

Turkey coronavirus (TCV) causes enteritis in turkeys.

Ferret enteric coronavirus causes epizootic catarrhal enteritis in ferrets.

Ferret systemic coronavirus causes FIP-like systemic syndrome in ferrets.^[67]

Pantropic canine coronavirus.

Rabbit enteric coronavirus causes acute gastrointestinal disease and diarrhea in young European rabbits. Mortality rates are high.^[68]

A new veterinary disease, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PED or PEDV), has emerged around the world.^{[citation needed]} Its economic importance is unclear but shows high mortality in piglets.^{[citation needed]}

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